The Writing Of The Constitution - 1351 Words

After the Revolutionary War and overthrow of the British government within the colonies, a sense of national sovereignty echoed throughout the people. When the colonist realized their first attempt at a governing document: the Articles of Confederation, was not sufficient as a strong means of regulation by the national government, a Constitutional Convention was called in order to amend the Articles to be more efficient. Instead, the 55 state representatives decided an entirely new document would do a better job of governing the states. By constructing this document, James Madison hoped to establish a country that worked â€Å"in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense,†¦show more content†¦The British were still thought to win considering they previously beat the French in the French and Indian war, they had the most powerful military as well as the largest world empire. Countless battles were fough t between the British and colonists and as the war came to a close, the colonist came out on top with the most significant victory of the time. As a new nation, building a governing system capable of ruling was easier said than done. The first attempt at a governing document for the United States was the Articles of Confederation. The Articles gave each state complete independence and gave the national government little power to regulate commerce and trade. Article II of the Articles of Confederation states, â€Å"Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every Power, Jurisdiction and right, which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled† . In addition, the plan for state representation within the federal government was as follows, â€Å"In determining questions in the United States, in Congress assembled, each state shall have one vote.† This idea was flawed because no matter the size, representation or population, each state had the same voice within the national government. This resulted in many douts regarding issues such as land w hich had been won as a result of the war. Since the national

English Reflection - 722 Words

The first three months of this school year was a roller coaster ride. We have several new students with different levels of English proficiency. At first I don’t know how I will cater them or even approach them knowing that having been comfortable with the previous students who are knowledgeable with the language then here comes the new students. They may only be one or few of them in the classroom, but still their presence is still significant in the success of the class. I am blessed to have students who are not only willing to help me but more so to help their friends to be able to learn and understand the things in the classroom. Translators in my room are everywhere. I guess when you give them rules for the first time, it will really†¦show more content†¦They are excited to show what they prepared with their classmates. Some of them, especially the higher level, they feel shy or anxious whenever its their performance or their work is being shown in class. Well it s normal, knowing that their sense of consciousness grows as they mature. The number of students now is growing with different learning styles and behaviors. Having them in a class is really a combination of patience and understanding. I do admit that some of the students who are new in the language are quite hesitant to speak up ending up being the tail of the class. Nevertheless, I still try to push them to at least try. I gave them opportunity to be the leader of the group or asked them to read the things written in the board or smartboard. I know that this part of learning will take some time but with perseverance everything can be possible. I already heard some of them speaking English with their friends. On the other hand, having a mix of the classes for this school year is also a test. Seeing them settled and well-behave last year is not a picture for some of the classes. Despite the fact that teachers are strict, still some are going beyond the limit. But as what we always s ay, at the end of the day, they are still kids who are still learning and exploring. I am just positive as the year progress, so as theShow MoreRelatedReflection For English Class870 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I enrolled in English 101. I was happy and excited that I have one more class away from finishing English class for the rest of my school years. The objective of the course was to make us better writers, and I certainly have improved. I learned what makes a paper good or bad, what makes it easier to write a good paper, and how the manner that the class is held makes a difference. Then, I thought they were good because of the grades I got. Now, I find myself working over twice as hard forRead MoreEnglish Reflection901 Words   |  4 PagesAs a kid in high school I considered my least favorite subject to be English. I was never a very good reader or writer so my specific set of skills, or lack thereof, never really translated to very good grades. I would do enough to get by, but I never really attempted to get any better. I even went so far as to take my senior year of English in summer school in an attempt to get it out of the way early and not have to deal with the headache in my final year. After I finished high school I took aRead MoreEnglish Reflection924 Words   |  4 Pagesbegin our Shakespeare research, I wrote a biography on Shakespeare with the help of my index cards packed with useful information. Soon after learning about Shakespeare’s life, we began to read his plays, which introduced us to a new form of the english language. Despite all the research I did on Shakespeare’s plays, we also learned how to annotate and reflect on an articles. The articles annotated on were based on multiple statistics, experts and organizations. After annotating the articles we wouldRead MoreEnglish Reflection1351 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, English 10 has by far been my best experience in writing. By taking this course I have retrieved many helpful elements, that will help me become a successful writer throughout college. In high school, essays often gave me stress and anxiety, however, when taking English 10, I was able to learn to enjoy the process of writing purposefully and mindfully. Even though, I have taken advanced placement English courses in high school and have taken a practice run of college level English over theRead MoreEnglish Reflection1127 Words   |  5 PagesPersonally, I have always loved English classes, but no other instructor has taught me the true meaning of the subject the way Dr. Teller has. I glance back at my first minor assignment and I read my main goals for the course of English 1. I am proud to say I have accomplished my missions with the help of Dr. Teller and his â€Å"survival guide† I can say I survived English 1. My greatest worry was the works cited pages because I never understood the importance in giving credit to the authors. In additionRead MoreEnglish Reflection835 Wo rds   |  4 PagesBefore I stepped foot into my English 1303 class, I had assumed that it would’ve been a class that I was not fond off. Within high school, English was never one of my strong points; so when college started I did not really know what to expect. Most of the time during high school, I would never really give much thought into how my essays were written, I just wrote them to get it over with. Within high school English classes, I had never experienced any sort of connection with the pieces that I hadRead MoreEnglish Reflection1551 Words   |  7 Pagesfor the next step. College is no different than kindergarten through senior year there are classes that the student is required to take in order to move on and be better prepped for what is to come. English Composition 1 is one of the classes almost every college student is required to take. Now English has never been my strong suite personally, but rather science and math. I do however agree with most of the re asoning behind making it a required class. The class will not only help become more professionalRead More Personal Narrative: Reflections on 7th grade English Class Essay967 Words   |  4 Pagesto the beginning of 7th grade English class I now realized of all the great things I have accomplished this year for English class. I am proud of how hard I worked this year and how my English has gotten better. I am proud to have been part of Ms Ds English class and she is a phenomenal teacher. I think that one day I will be able to work as a English teacher like Ms D or I will become a journalist. Although I must say that when I first entered English class I had so many differentRead MoreReflection Paper In English937 Words   |  4 Pagesmuch as my brain capacity can endure is my ultimate goal in life. School is not just a chore, it is a necessity to further me into the future. English class, specifically the writing portion has evolved my understanding of persuasive li terature and how to explain my thoughts on paper for an audience to understand. Throughout the first semester of KCC English I have improved my essays from small to large mistakes. Overlooking my first draft of the Cause and Effect, I have realized I am growing as aRead MoreReflection Paper In English1063 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish is a terrible subject. We learn it the day we start school in kindergarten and all the way till the end of high school and possibly college. English composition is a completely unavoidable subject and not everyone likes learning about things such as grammar, writing, and reading comprehension. It is one of those subjects that many students just want to get it over with as quickly as possible. On the other hand, students need to realize the English composition classes offer a lot more benefits

Critically Assess Marx’s Theory of Class and Stratification Free Essays

Marx class theory derived from his belief that class divisions are not found in all forms of society; classes are a creation of history. For Marx, classes are defined and structured by firstly, who owns or has property and means of production and who does the work in the production process, secondly the social relationships included in work and labour, and thirdly who produces and who rules the surplus human social labour can produce. All of these aspects of Marx class theory will be further explored in this essay. We will write a custom essay sample on Critically Assess Marx’s Theory of Class and Stratification or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marx believed that class divisions are not found in all societies, classes are a creation of history. The earliest and smallest societies (tribal and primitive) were classless. It is universally true that all human beings depend on the quest of meeting their basic needs – food, water, shelter and clothing. In these primitive societies, the working day was taken up with required labour in order to meet society’s basic needs and forces of production were distributed equally amongst the community. But when basic needs are met, this leads to man’s creation of new needs, as humans are forever dissatisfied animals. Marx defines human beings as producers (Callinicos, A, p. 98, 1996). Humans seek to transform nature to enable them to meet their needs and do this through two different mode of production. The first ‘forces of production’ which depends on what Marx calls the ‘labour process’. ‘‘Labour is first of all a process between man and nature, a process by which man, though his own actions, mediates, regulates and controls the metabolism between himself and nature’’ (C I 283). The relations of production is the social aspect, which involves the property rights of the productive forces, it is what distinguishes the modes of production for one another. Improvements in the labour force are determined by if man is able to produce the same amount of things but with less human labour. By been able to produce more effectively, therefore meant man gains more control over nature. Thus the developments of the labour process are a reflection of human technology (Callinicos, A, p. 8, 1996) and Marx believed that the developments of science and technology in society provide a basis on which future societies can build upon. Although Marx never said in so many words what he meant by class, his theory lies on the statement that â€Å"the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. ’’ That once beyond primitive socities no labour can exist without means of production, which is who controls the direct producers. The central classes in capitalism are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. Class divisions arise in society when the direct producers are separated from the means of production. The means of production, the bourgeoisie, become the monopoly of a minority and use exploitation and domination in relation to the producers, the proletariat. Marx looks at the working day in a class society and identies how capital exploits labour wage. During the first half of the day the worker produces goods in which he is paid to but during the second part of the day the worker performs surplus labour. Surplus labour is generated by how much labour time is left over after the employer has made back the equivalent of the cost of the wages of the labourer. The profit of this surplus labour is too small though to improve everyone’s standard of living, so it is taken by the minority who control the means of production. Marx decscribes four main types of class societies: Asiatic, ancient, feudal, and modern bourgeois, ‘‘the distinction between for example a society based on slave labour and a society based on wage labour – is the form in which this surplus labour is in each case exploited from the immediate producer, the worker’’ (C I 325). The practice of exploitation depends on the distribution of the means of production. In the case of slavery , it seems all the slaves labour is surplus labour , he is not permitted to any of his product. But the slave has to be kept alive in order to gain surplus power, therefore a proportion of the slaves wages is set aside to provide him his basic needs. In feudalism society, the peasant may have owned his animals and tools, but did not own the land he works on, therefore must divide his labour time between the work that needed to be done in order to provide for himself and his family and surplus labour for his lord. In both these mode of production, slavery and feudalism, exploitation is clearly visible and physical consequences are evident without question. However in capitalism exploitation is concealed. The worker is legally free, as he has volunteered to partake in the labour process. Marx wrote that workers are ‘‘ free in a double sense , free from the old relations of clientship, bondage and servitude, and secondly free of all belongings and possessions, and of every objective, material form of being, free of all property’’ (G 507). By not selling his labour power to the capitalist, the workers only other option is starvation. The means of production use economic pressures as a means of control over workers, not physical actions. Thus once the employer has employed the workers, he makes them work longer hours than necessary, creating surplus labour. In the case of feudalism, after centuries new methods of producing began to develop. But releasing these new methods worked against the ruling class–in the framework of the prior form of exploitation and the â€Å"legal and political superstructure† that had arisen out of it. This clash between the new opportunities and the structure of the previous order, was in severe crisis. Without new developments, the existing means of producing was not able to sustain any more development in the population, the Black Death followed, causing horrific events such as famines and disease and violence. The previous ways of shaping society and furthering the mode of production were brought to a halt. Marx foresaw that there could be revolution in society abolishing classes altogether. Then begins an epoch of social revolution,† , Marx wrote. Yet the ruling class were still dominating the workers, even though the mode of production had self-destructed. The ruling class dominates not only the way production is carried on, but all the other organizations and relations in society, whose structure aids the exploiters, control their power. As Marx explained, all class societies create a legal, political and ideological â€Å"superstructure† which functions to control the existing relations of production and guard the rulers from the ruled. But an important tool for the ruling class to persuade the working class is ideology– schemes of ideas that depict the recognized order as natural and positive to everyone, whatever its undeniable faults. Marx believed that the workers did not realise they were been exploited, had a false consciousness, mistaken sense that they could count on their employer. He believed that ideologies help sustain the ruling class, by giving misleading views to people about the world in order to exploit others about their position in society. It caused people to form mistaken views about the nature of society in order to keep the existing mode of production in action. Because the dominant or ruling class rules the social relations of production, the central ideology in capitalist society is that of the ruling class. Marx theory of class consciousness was an idea how to make members of a class aware that they have a common situation and interests and, moreover, are able to organize a collective defence of those interests (Elster, J, p128, Intro to Karl Marx). Marx saw that there were many logics why the proletariat would develop into a class that is conscious of its own status, power, obligations, and prospects. The objective condition of a class subsists because of its position in the productive process. Possession or non-possession of the means of production, place in the labour process, and the control over surplus regulate this. However a class such as the bourgeoisie or proletariat, may be unaware of this position, or in any case the effects of this position. Marx believed there would be a revolution, the workers would come together and rise up and fight to abolish the class system. Once everything had calmed down after the revolution, the proletariat would then own the means of production. He believed that no dominating class would exist and everything would be owned equally amongst society. He thought that if the working class were to take control of the means of production, they would inspire social relations that would help everyone proportionately, and an organization of production less at risk to repeated crises. Overall, Marx believed that nonviolent compromise of this issue was unrealistic, and prearranged and violent revolution would be necessary, because the dominating class would not surrender control without a fight. He speculated that in order to secure the socialist system, a dictatorship of the proletariat must be generated on a provisional foundation. Marx’s forethought of a revolution did not come true. As societies developed and expanded, the working classes grew to be more educated, obtaining detailed job skills and accomplishing the type of financial welfare that Marx never thought achievable. How to cite Critically Assess Marx’s Theory of Class and Stratification, Essay examples

Talks Against Motion And Refutes Statement â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Talks Against Motion And Refutes Statement? Answer: Introducation The topic of the present debate on a nursing ethical issue is People who abuse drugs and alcohol should be denied access to intensive care units. The present paper talks against the motion and refutes the statement, aiming to establish a standpoint that people who abuse drugs and alcohol must not be denied access to intensive care units. As the instances of patients with alcohol or substance abuse being brought to intensive care units (ICU) are increasing, there is a growing concern around their admission. Intensive care units are the specialised treatment units where patients suffering from acute medical conditions are brought in for treatment; such a unit is to provide life support and decrease the chances of mortality. It is evident that saving the life of the patient is the priority under such circumstances and there is no denial of this. Speaking on humanitarian ground, no human has the right to deny care being given to an individual irrespective of what his condition is in relation to drug or alcohol abuse (Luce White, 2009). As per the Australian Charter of Healthcare Rights, everyone has the right to be able to access health care (safetyandquality.gov.au, 2012). Moreover, since treatment of this concern is operations in the present era, it is not a challenge to guide the patient to change his substance depen dency once he is discharged from the ICU (Ulrich, 2014). ICUs deliver potential benefit at massive public cost, and thus the interventions rendered must be considered as symbols of promise. Patient autonomy and fundamental rights to access to care stand against the chances of potential harm being done to others if patients with alcohol and substance abuse are admitted to ICUs. Though patient might be a concern due to multi-faceted issues, their primary right to autonomy cannot be suspended (Medrano et al., 2014). If patients are denied admission to ICUs, the communitys trust on the care givers will loose out. Admission of such patient might be a reason for harm to others, but it is to be noted that there is no certainty that such harm would be done. The mere probability of causing harm to others must not take over the need to save the life of the patient. Protection of common good does not justify the abridgement of individual rights (Mulaudzi et al., 2010). The second aspect that draws the attention is that insurance companies are not willing to pay for the medical expenses for such patient. This can be disproved by the fact that health insurers must rely on the evidence-based standards of patient care and consider the right level of coverage, the right combination of treatment and the right site of coverage. Insurance companies often stop paying, and the healthcare centres are to discharge the patients before the complete treatment is done. However, if the family members are notified that the patient is half-treated, is it clear, on morale and human grounds, that the family members would arrange for the medical expenses under any circumstances. They would go out of their way to arrange for the expenses so that the treatment is complete. The medical facilities are not to depend solely on the medical insurance companies for the expenses. A bill is to be passed that would force the companies to approve authorisation of substance abuse car e. It would need all policies to provide medical coverage economics for alcohol and drug abuse services as thought necessary by the care unit (Connors et al., 2013). It is also to be highlighted that though treatment of patients with alcohol or drug abuse history might be frustrating and difficult, it is also a rewarding process for the heath care professionals. There are nonphysicians, and physicians who specialise in this area of practice and a number of communities referral to a special is a part of the regular care process. Admission to intensive care unit implies that such professionals would be referred to for the patient care. Denial of admission cannot be therefore justified (Mays et a., 2017). Moreover, in the present medicinal practice, the primary physician also has a significant part in the care of patients who are chemically dependent even though the referral is not there. The primary care physician might be the first professional to identify the relapse and do the treatment. The physician can be the trusted guardian and work for the patients well being. The concern of the physician that the patient stays away from the use of the dru g can be sighted as a strong motivator (Levit et al., 2013). Facts to support the topic- Treatment for such patients are hugely expensive Insurance companies are not in a position to pay for such patients Health care professionals face issues in providing appropriate care for the patient on an individual basis Even if survival is possible, relapse is common, leading to failure of treatmen References Australian charter of healthcare rights. (2012). Retrieved 12 September 2017, from https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Charter-PDf.pdf Connors, G. J., DiClemente, C. C., Velasquez, M. M., Donovan, D. M. (2013).Substance abuse treatment and the stages of change: Selecting and planning interventions. Guilford Press. Levit, K. R., Stranges, E., Coffey, R. M., Kassed, C., Mark, T. L., Buck, J. A., Vandivort-Warren, R. (2013). Current and future funding sources for specialty mental health and substance abuse management providers.Psychiatric Services,64(6), 512-519. Luce, J. M., White, D. B. (2009). A History of Ethics and Law in the Intensive Care Unit.Critical Care Clinics,25(1), 221x. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2008.10.002 Mays, V. M., Jones, A. L., Delany-Brumsey, A., Coles, C., Cochran, S. D. (2017). Perceived Discrimination in Health Care and Mental Health/Substance Abuse Treatment Among Blacks, Latinos, and Whites.Medical care,55(2), 173-181. Medrano, J., lvaro-Meca, A., Boyer, A., Jimnez-Sousa, M. A., Resino, S. (2014). Mortality of patients infected with HIV in the intensive care unit (2005 through 2010): significant role of chronic hepatitis C and severe sepsis.Critical Care,18(4), 475. Mulaudzi, F., Mokoena, J., Troskie, R. (2010).Basic nursing ethics in practice. Johannesburg: Heinemann. Ulrich, C. (2014).Nursing Ethics in Everyday Practice. Indianapolis: Sigma Theta Tau International.